What is Productivity?
By OCS Team
The definition of Productivity is given as “OUTPUT” compared to “INPUT”.
According to Marsh, Brush (2002) in his article Journal of industrial technology, productivity is a measure of the efficiency and effectiveness to which organizational resources (inputs) are utilized for the creation of products and/or services (outputs). Productivity measurement is both a measure of input utilization and an assessment as to whether or not input utilization is growing faster than output.
In the case of a garment manufacturing factory, “output” can be taken as the number of products manufactured, whilst “input” is the people, machinery and factory resources required to create those products within a given time frame. The key to cost effective improvements in output – in “productivity” – is to ensure that the relationship between input and output is properly balanced. For example, there is little to be gained from an increase in output if it comes only as a result of a major increase in input. Indeed, in an ideal situation, “input” should be controlled and minimized whilst “output” is maximized.
Higher productivity provides more products from the same number of people, in the same time frame. This in turn improves “overhead recovery” related to factory costs, such as electricity and fuel, because overheads are fixed within that time frame. So, the more products produced in a given time frame the less overhead allocation per product, which, in turn, reduces the cost of each individual item and therefore improves competitive edge.
Dr. Bheda in his book "Managing Productivity in the Apparel Industry" explained the different ways of measuring productivity. Productivity can be expressed in many ways but mostly productivity is measured as labour productivity, machine productivity or value productivity. These three term can be defined as-
- Labour productivity - Output per labour (direct +indirect) in a given time frame (in pieces)
- Machine productivity - Output per machine in a given time frame (in pieces)
- Value productivity - Total value of output in a given time frame.
1 komentar:
as in terms of the industrial engineering, it's "optimal", in my opinion is goods producing or services must be optimal. for the article above, that by minimizing materials or capital to produce products maximal by exploiting natural resources and human resources available. in my opinion, the balance between the amount of output and input needed in the production process. in the production process effectiveness and effisiency work should be considered because it can affect the productivity of labor and produce an optimal output. productivity within a company is very important, because productivity is the main thing in the plant or enterprise. This is the basis for founding a company. labor productivity in the absence of that company will not work. the higher level of productivity of a company or factory higher the output produced. it also adds higher profits generated by these companies, labor productivity in applying the balance between effectiveness and efficiency of work with time and issued capital. I think productivity within a company is the main thing. for the article above consists of the productivity of inputs, processing of materials, resources and capital. so that productivity is a major benchmark in a factory and company.
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